1. What are the four essential elements in St. Thomas Aquinas's definition of law?
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An ordinance of reason, for the common good, made by him who has care of the community, and promulgated.
An ordinance of will, for private good, made by anyone, and kept secret.
A suggestion of emotion, for the good of the legislator, made by the strongest, and enforced by power.
A tradition of the past, for maintaining the status quo, made by ancestors, and never changed.
2. What is the Natural Law?
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The laws of physics and biology.
The specific rules written in the Bible.
The rational creature's participation in the Eternal Law.
The set of laws passed by a legitimate government.
3. According to Aquinas, from what does a just human law derive its authority to bind in conscience?
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The power and military strength of the state.
Its popularity with the majority of citizens.
Its derivation from the Eternal Law, as mediated through the Natural Law.
The personal charisma of the lawmaker.
4. What is the "law of code" as described in the chapter?
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The official legal system governing software development.
A counterfeit legal order where algorithms, not reason, govern for profit, not the common good.
A new form of Divine Law revealed through technology.
A perfect and just legal system designed by AI.
5. What is the primary purpose of the Divine Law (e.g., the Law of the Gospel)?
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To direct human beings to their supernatural end (eternal beatitude), which exceeds their natural capacities.
To regulate economic transactions between nations.
To provide a set of rules for those who are not intelligent enough to understand Natural Law.
To replace and make all human law unnecessary.